S235JR Material | 1.0038 Steel Equivalent, Properties, Composition

S235JR Material (1.0038 Steel) in EN 10025-2

S235JR material also known as 1.0038 steel, is a non-alloy structural steel grade defined in the European standard EN 10025-2. It is part of the S series of steel grades, which includes various grades with different minimum yield strengths, such as S275, S355, etc. It has good plasticity, toughness and weldability, moderate strength and good cold bending properties. This grade is also often referred to as “carbon steel” or “mild steel” and is widely used in various construction and engineering applications.

Material S235JR meaning (designation):

• “S” stands for Structural;
• “235” represents the minimum yield strength in MPa (Megapascal) for the steel thickness ≤ 16mm;
• “JR” indicates the quality grade related to Charpy impact test energy value ≥ 27 J at room temperature (20 °C);
• “C” indicates the material is suitable for cold flanging, cold bending, cold forming or cold drawing, e.g. S235JRC (1.0122).
• 1.0038 is the designation of steel number.

S235JR steel general delivery conditions are as follows:

• +AR means “As-Rolled” and delivery condition without special rolling and/or heat treatment.
• +N is short for “Normalized or normalized formed”
• +M represents “Thermal Mechanical Control Processing – TMCP”
• +C is the “Cold work hardened”
• +A indicates that the material is in the soft annealed condition.
• +AT means that the steel is in the solution annealed condition.
• More designation & meaning of European steel names

Example 1: When the delivery condition is as-rolled or normalized, the steel name is given as S235JR+AR (1.0038+AR) or S235JR+N (1.0038+N).

Example 2: S235JRC steel means the material is suitable for cold flanging, cold bending, cold forming or cold drawing.

Example 3: If S235JRC steel is delivered in the condition of cold work hardened, it’s named as S235JRC+C (1.0122+C).

Material 1.0038 Datasheet & Specification

The following tables and lists show S235JR datasheet and specification including chemical composition, mechanical properties and physical properties, etc.

Chemical Composition of S235JR Material (EN 1.0038 Steel)

The following table shows (1.0038) S235JR chemical composition based on ladle analysis.

Chemical Composition (Ladle Analysis) %, ≤
Standard	Material	Steel Grade (Steel Number)	C	Si	Mn	P	S	Cu	N
EN 10025-2	S235	S235JR (1.0038)	0.17	–	1.40	0.035	0.035	0.55	0.012
		S235J0 (1.0114)	0.17	–	1.40	0.030	0.030	0.55	0.012
		S235J2 (1.0117)	0.17	–	1.40	0.025	0.025	0.55	–

Physical Properties of S235JR Steel

• Material density: 7.85g/cm3 (0.284 lb/in3)
• Melting point: 1420-1460 °C (2590-2660 °F)
• Electrical Conductivity: 0.141 × 10^6 S/m (at 20°C)
• Modulus of Elasticity (Elasticity Modulus): 210 GPa (30500 ksi )
• Poissons Ratio: 0.3
• Shear Modulus: 80 GPa (11600 ksi)
• Specific Heat Capacity: 0.46 – 0.48 J/g-°C (50.0 – 100 °C); 0.11 – 0.115 BTU/lb-°F (122 – 212 °F)

S235JR Steel (1.0038 Material) Mechanical Properties

The yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, and Charpy impact test are listed in the following data sheet.

• EN 1.0038 material Brinell hardness: ≤120 HBW
• Charpy impact value: ≥ 27J, at room temperature 20 °C.

Yield Strength

Yield Strength (≥ N/mm2); Dia. (d) mm
Steel Series	Steel Grade (Material Number)	d≤16	16< d ≤40	40< d ≤100	100< d ≤150	150< d ≤200	200< d ≤250
S235	S235JR (1.0038)	235	225	215	195	185	175

Tensile Strength

Tensile Strength (≥ N/mm2)
Steel Series	Steel Grade (Material Number)	d<3	3 ≤ d ≤ 100	100 < d ≤ 150	150 < d ≤ 250
S235	S235JR (1.0038)	360-510	360-510	350-500	340-490

1MPa = 1N/mm2

Elongation

Elongation (≥%); Thickness (d) mm
Steel Series	Steel Grade	3≤ d≤40	40< d ≤63	63< d ≤100	100 < d ≤ 150	150 < d ≤ 250
S235	S235JR	26	25	24	22	21

Welding

S235JR material is generally considered to be weldable using conventional welding methods. Common welding techniques like arc welding, MIG welding, and TIG welding can be used for joining S235JR steel. Preheating and post-weld heat treatment may be required depending on the thickness of the material and the welding process used.

Corrosion Resistance

S235JR is not a corrosion-resistant steel, so it may require protective coatings or other measures to prevent corrosion in aggressive environments.

Applications / Uses

• S235JR steel is commonly used in various structural and construction applications, including buildings, bridges, boilers, transmission towers, steel structures, shopping centers, machinery, and vehicle chassis, etc.
• It is suitable for making components that require good weldability and moderate strength.
• The material is often used for general engineering and structural purposes due to its affordability and ease of processing.
• EN 1.0038 material can be made into many steel products, such as H beam, I beam, steel channel, steel plate, steel angle, steel pipe, wire rods, and nails, etc.

Equivalent Grade

EN 1.0038 material S235JRG2 or S235JR steel equivalent US ASTM AISI SAE, European EN (German DIN, British BSI, France NF…), ISO, Japanese JIS, Chinese GB, and Indian standard. (For reference)

EN 1.0038, S235JR steel equivalent grade

European Union

US

Germany

Japan

China

India

ISO

Standard

Steel name (Steel number)

Standard

Grade

Standard

Steel name

Standard

Grade

Standard

Grade

Standard

Grade

Standard

Grade

EN 10025-2

S235JR (1.0038); S235JRG2

ASTM A36; ASTM A283/A283M

A36; Grade D

DIN 17100

St37, RSt 37-2, Ust 37-2

JIS G3101; JIS G3106

SS400; SM400A

GB/T 700

Q235B, Q235C

IS 2062

E250A

ISO 630-2

S235B

EN 10025-2

S235J0 (1.0114)

ASTM A36; ASTM A283/A238M; ASTM A573/A573M

A36; Grade D Grade 58

DIN 17100

St 37-3 U

JIS G3106

SM400A, SM400B

GB/T 700

Q235C; Q235D

IS 2062

E250

ISO 630-2

S235C

EN 10025-2

S235J2 (1.0114); S235J2G3; S235J2G4

ASTM A36; ASTM A283M

A36; Grade D

JIS G3106

SM400A

GB/T 700

Q235D

IS 2062

E250

ISO 630-2

S235D

Note: S235JRG2 is the former designation, and has been discarded and covered by S235JR in EN 10025-2 since 2004.