Designation Meaning of Steel Names (European Standard)

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European Standard Designation Systems for Steel Names

1. Designation & Meaning of Structural Steel Names

  • The first letter indicates the type of steel,
  • The following digits indicates the yield strength MPa;
  • The 2 symbols immediately after the yield strength value indicate the quality grade of the steel;
  • The symbols immediately after the quality grade indicate characteristic/uses or treatment, and
  • finally a plus sign (+) and a symbol indicate delivery/treatment conditions, coatings or special requirements.

For example,

S235JRC+C Meaning:

  • “S” is the abbreviation for Structural steel.
  • “235” refers to the yield strength in MPa.
  • J indicates Joules (27 J)
  • R is the abbreviation for Room temperature (20 °C).
  • C means special cold forming (cold flanging, cold roll forming or cold drawing).
  • “+C” indicates cold work hardened.

S235JRC+C Meaning: Structural steel (S) with a specified minimum yield strength 235 MPa at room temperature, minimum impact energy 27 J at room temperature 20 °C (JR), suitable for cold flanging (C), delivery condition +C (cold work hardened).

S355J2W Meaning: Structural steel (S) with a specified yield strength ≥355 MPa at room temperature, impact energy ≥27 J at -20 °C (J2), and is weather resistant (W).

S355MC Meaning: Structural steel (S), thermomechanically rolled (M), with a specified minimum yield strength at room temperature of 355 MPa (355) and suitable for cold forming (C).

Basic constituent symbols indicating the quality grades of structural steel
Symbol/Number Meaning
S Structural steel
235 Yield strength: 235 MPa
JR Joules (27J) at Room temperature (+20°C)
J0 Joules (27J) at 0°C
J2 Joules (27J) at -20 °C
J3 Joules (27J) at -30 °C
J4 Joules (27J) at -40 °C
J5 Joules (27J) at -50 °C
J6 Joules (27J) at -60 °C
KR Joules (40J) at Room temperature (+20°C)
K0 Joules (40J) at 0°C
K2 Joules (40J) at -20 °C
K3 Joules (40J) at -30 °C
K4 Joules (40J) at -40 °C
K5 Joules (40J) at -50 °C
K6 Joules (40J) at -60 °C
LR Joules (60J) at Room temperature (+20°C)
L0 Joules (60J) at 0°C
L2 Joules (60J) at -20 °C
L3 Joules (60J) at -30 °C
L4 Joules (60J) at -40 °C
L5 Joules (60J) at -50 °C
L6 Joules (60J) at -60 °C
A Precipitation hardening
M Thermomechanically rolled
N Normalized or normalized rolled
Q Quenched and tempered
C Special cold forming (cold flanging, cold roll forming or cold drawing)
D Hot dip coating
E Enamelling
F Forgings
H Hollow section
L Low temperature
P Sheet piling
P For the class with a greater phosphorus content (only in the case of grade S355)
S Ship building
T Tubes
W Weather resistant (improved atmospheric corrosion resistance)
Symbols that indicate the treatment of steel products
Symbol Meaning
+A Soft annealed
+AC annealed to achieve spheroidized carbides
+AR as rolled (without any special rolling and/or heat treatment conditions)
+AT solution annealed
+C cold work hardened
+Cxxx cold work hardened with a minimum tensile strength of xxx MPa
+CPxxx cold work hardened with a minimum 0,2 % proof strength of xxx MPa
+CR cold rolled
+DC delivery condition at manufacturer’s discretion
+FP treated to ferritic-pearlite structure and hardness range
+HC hot rolled followed by cold hardening
+I isothermically treated
+LC skin passed (temper rolled or cold drawn)
+M thermomechanically formed
+N normalized or normalized formed
+NT normalized and tempered
+P precipitation hardened
+Q quenched
+QA air quenched
+QO oil quenched
+QT quenched and tempered
+QW water quenched
+RA recrystallization annealed
+S treated for cold shearing
+SR stress relieved
+T tempered
+TH treatment to hardness range
+U untreated
+WW warm worked
Symbols for steel products indicating the type of coating
Symbol Meaning
+A hot dip aluminum coating
+AS aluminum silicon alloy coating
+AZ aluminum zinc alloy (>50 % Al) coating
+CE electrolytic chromium/chromium oxide coating (ECCS)
+CU copper coating
+IC inorganic coating
+OC organic coating
+S hot dip tin coating
+SE electrolytic tin coating
+T hot dip lead tin alloy (terne) coating
+TE electrolytic lead tin alloy (terne) coating
+Z hot dip zinc (galvanized) coating
+ZA hot dip zinc aluminum (>50 % Zn) coating
+ZE electrolytic zinc coating
+ZF hot dip zinc iron (galvannealed) coating
+ZM hot dip zinc magnesium coating
+ZN electrolytic zinc nickel alloy coating
Symbols for steel products indicating special requirements
Symbol Meaning
+CH core hardenability
+H hardenability
+Z15 through thickness property; minimum reduction of area = 15 %
+Z25 through thickness property; minimum reduction of area = 25 %
+Z35 through thickness property; minimum reduction of area = 35 %
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