DIN EN 1.4401 Material X5CrNiMo17-12-2 Stainless Steel
DIN EN 1.4401 Material X5CrNiMo17-12-2 Stainless Steel
DIN EN 1.4401 material (X5CrNiMo17-12-2) is a molybdenum-containing austenitic stainless steel. Due to the chemical composition of molybdenum, its corrosion resistance is higher than 1.4301 (X5CrNi18-10), especially in environments containing chloride and non-oxidizing acids. 1.4404 (X2CrNiMo17-12-2) is an ultra-low carbon version of 1.4401 stainless steel, which has better corrosion resistance in welded structures.
Datasheet & Specification
The following tables and lists give the stainless steel 1.4401 datasheet including chemical composition, physical properties and mechanical properties, heat treatment, welding, etc.
Chemical Composition
DIN EN 1.4401 material chemical composition is listed in the following table based on cast analysis.
| Chemical Composition, % | ||||||||||
| Steel Grade (Steel Number) | Standard | C, ≤ | Si, ≤ | Mn, ≤ | P, ≤ | S, ≤ | Cr | Ni | Mo | N, ≤ |
| X5CrNiMo17-12-2 (1.4401) | EN 10088-2; EN 10088-3 | 0,07 | 1,00 | 2,00 | 0,045 | 0,030 | 16,5-18,5 | 10,0-13,0 | 2,00-2,50 | 0,10 |
Physical Properties
DIN 1.4401 material physical properties are given in the following lists, including density, thermal expansion, elastic modulus, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and electrical resistance.
Notes:
- 10-6·K-1 = 10-6/K
- 1 Ω·mm²/m = 1 μΩ·m
- 1 g/cm3 = 1 kg/dm3 = 1000 kg/m3
- 1 GPa = 1 kN/mm2
- 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2
| Physical Properties | |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8,0 |
| Magnetic | No |
| Electrical resistivity, μΩ·m | 0,75 (20 ℃) |
| Specific heat capacity, J/(kg·K) | 500 (20 ℃) |
| Thermal conductivity, (W/m·K) | 15,0 (20 ℃) |
| Modulus of elasticity, Gpa | 200 (20 ℃) |
| 194 (100 ℃) | |
| 186 (200 ℃) | |
| 179 (300 ℃) | |
| 172 (400 ℃) | |
| 165 (500 ℃) | |
| Mean coefficient of thermal expansion, (10-6/K) | 16,0 (20-100 ℃) |
| 16,5 (20-200 ℃) | |
| 17,0 (20-300 ℃) | |
| 17,5 (20-400 ℃) | |
| 18,0 (20-500 ℃) | |
Mechanical Properties
Material 1.4401 stainless steel mechanical properties at room temperature in the solution-annealed condition and resistance to intergranular corrosion.
| Mechanical properties (Solution annealed) | |||||||||||||
| Country (Region) | Standard | Steel Grade (Steel Number) | Diameter (d) or Thickness (t) in mm | Hardness (HB), ≤ | 0.2% yield strength (MPa), ≥ | 1% yield strength (MPa), ≥ | Tensile strength (MPa) | Elongation, % (long.) | Elongation, % (tr.) | Impact energy, KV2, J (long.), ≥ | Impact energy, KV2, J (tr.), ≥ | Resistance to intergranular corrosion (In the delivery condition) | Resistance to intergranular corrosion (In the sensitized condition) |
| European Union | EN 10088-3 | X5CrNiMo17-12-2 (1.4401) | ≤160 | 215 | 200 | 235 | 500-700 | 40 | – | 100 | – | Yes | No |
| 160<t≤250 | – | 30 | – | 60 | |||||||||
| Mechanical properties (Solution annealed) | ||||||||||
| Steel Grade (Steel Number) | Product Condition | Thickness (mm), ≤ | 0,2 % yield strength (Mpa), ≥ | 1% proof strength (MPa), ≥ | Tensile strength (MPa) | Elongation (%), ≥, (tr.) | Impact energy, KV2, J (long.), ≥ | Impact energy, KV2, J (tr.), ≥ | Resistance to intergranular corrosion (In the delivery condition) | Resistance to intergranular corrosion (In the sensitized condition) |
| X5CrNiMo17-12-2 (1.4401) | cold rolled strip | 8 | 240 | 270 | 530-680 | 40 | – | – | Yes | No |
| hot rolled strip | 13,5 | 220 | 260 | 530-680 | 100 | 60 | ||||
| hot rolled plate | 75 | 220 | 260 | 520-670 | 45 | |||||
Minimum values for yield strength of 1.4401 steel at elevated temperatures.
| Steel designation (Number) | 0,2% proof strength, MPa, ≥ | 1% proof strength, MPa, ≥ | Temperature (°C) | Heat treatment condition |
| X5CrNiMo17-12-2 (1.4401) | 175 | 210 | 100 | +AT (solution annealed) |
| 158 | 190 | 150 | ||
| 145 | 175 | 200 | ||
| 135 | 165 | 250 | ||
| 127 | 155 | 300 | ||
| 120 | 150 | 350 | ||
| 115 | 145 | 400 | ||
| 112 | 141 | 450 | ||
| 110 | 139 | 500 | ||
| 108 | 137 | 550 |
1.4401 Material Heat Treatment
The following is material 1.4401 stainless steel heat treatment, such as hot forming, solution annealing.
For solution annealing of 1.4401 material, if the heat treatment is performed in a continuous furnace, it’s usually preferable to specify an upper limit of the temperature range or even exceed it, and cooling should be sufficiently rapidly to avoid precipitation.
| Hot forming | Solution annealing | ||||
| Standard | Designation (Steel number) | Temperature, ℃ | Type of cooling | Temperature, ℃ | Type of cooling |
| DIN EN 10088-2 | X5CrNiMo17-12-2 (1.4401) | 1150 to 850 | air | 1030 to 1110 | water, air |
| DIN EN 10088-3 | 1200 to 900 | 1020 to 1120 | |||
Forging
The workpiece of 1.4401 steel is usually preheated to a temperature between 1150 °C and 1180 °C. Forging is performed between 1180 °C and 950 °C. After forging, the workpiece must be quickly cooled in air or water to avoid the formation of undesirable phases that reduce mechanical properties. Discoloration or scale can reduce corrosion resistance and must be removed by pickling or other suitable processes.
Welding
DIN EN 1.4401 material has good weldability, with or without filler metal. If filler metal is needed, 1.4430 can be used, and the maximum interpass temperature is 150 °C. Due to the high carbon content, it is possible to form chromium carbide, thereby reducing resistance to intergranular corrosion, and post-weld heat treatment may be required. If larger areas must be welded, 1.4404 (X2CrNiMo17-12-2) is recommended.
Machinability
Since 1.4401 stainless steel has a higher carbon content than 1.4404, machinability is reduced.
Corrosion Resistance
PREN = 23.1 – 28.5, since the steel contains 2-2.5% molybdenum, the resistance to pitting and chloride corrosion is improved, and the corrosion resistance of 1.4401 is significantly better than that of stainless steel 1.4301 and 1.4307.
Use & Application
Chemical and pulp industry, paint, petroleum, soap and textile industry, dairy products, brewery parts and instruments.
1.4401 Stainless Steel Equivalent
Material X5CrNiMo17-12-2, DIN 1.4401 stainless steel equivalent to US ASTM AISI SAE, ISO, European (German DIN, British BSI, France NF), Japanese JIS and Chinese GB standard (for reference).
| EN X5CrNiMo17-12-2 (1.4401) material equivalent | |||||||||
| European Union | US | ISO | China | Japan | |||||
| Standard | Steel Name (Material Number) | Standard | Grade (UNS) | Standard | Grade (ISO number ) | Standard | Grade (UNS) | Standard | Grade |
| EN 10088-2; EN 10088-3 | X5CrNiMo17-12-2 (1.4401) | AISI; ASTM A240/A240M; ASTM A276/A276M; | AISI 316 (UNS S31600) | ISO 15510 | X5CrNiMo17-12-2 (4401-316-00-I) | GB/T 1220; GB/T 3280 | 0Cr17Ni12Mo2; 06Cr17Ni12Mo2 (new designation) (S31608) | JIS G4303; JIS G4304; JIS G4305 | SUS316 |
