SAE AISI 1080 Steel Properties Heat Treatment Composition Rockwell Hardness
ASTM SAE AISI 1080 High Carbon Steel
ASTM SAE AISI 1080 steel is a high carbon steel with a carbon content of 0.75-0.88%. This article summarizes the 1080 carbon steel chemical composition, physical properties, mechanical properties, heat treatment and applications, etc.
Datasheet and Specification
The following tables summarize ASTM SAE AISI 1080 steel data sheet, including chemical composition, physical properties, mechanical properties, and heat treatment.
Chemical Composition
The table below lists 1080 steel chemical composition based on heat analysis.
| AISI 1080 Chemical Composition (%) | ||||||
| ASTM | UNS | Steel Grade | C | Mn | P (≤) | S (≤) |
| ASTM A29/A29M | UNS G10800 | 1080 | 0.75-0.88 | 0.60-0.90 | 0.040 | 0.050 |
1080 Steel Properties
AISI 1080 steel properties are given in the datasheet below, including physical properties, mechanical properties.
Mechanical Properties
1080 mechanical properties in different conditions are summarized in the datasheet below.
1080 steel properties – 1
| AISI ASTM 1080 mechanical properties in heat-treated or cold-worked conditions | |||||||
| Steel (UNS) | Tensile strength, MPa (ksi) | Yield strength, MPa (ksi) | Elongation in 50 mm, % | Reduction in area, % | Hardness (HB) | Processing, condition or treatment | Sample Size, mm (in.) |
| 1080 (UNS G10800) | 770 (112) | 425 (61.5) | 10 | 25 | 229 | Hot rolled | 19-31.8 (0.75-1.25 in.) |
| 675 (98) | 515 (75) | 10 | 40 | 192 | Spheroidized annealed, cold drawn | ||
1080 steel properties – 2
| AISI 1080 mechanical properties in the hot-rolled, normalized, and annealed condition | |||||||||||
| UNS | Steel | Tensile strength, MPa (ksi) | Yield strength, MPa (ksi) | Elongation in 50.8 mm (2 in.), % | Reduction in area, % | Hardness (HB) | Processing, condition or treatment | Austenitizing temperature, °C (°F) | Quenching agent | Izod impact strength, J, (ft·lbf) | Sample Size |
| UNS G10800 | 1080 | 965 (140.0) | 586 (85.0) | 12 | 17 | 293 | As-rolled | – | Oil | 7 (5) | 12.8 mm (0.505 in.) machined from 25.4 mm (1 in.) rounds. |
| 1013 (147.0) | 524 (76.0) | 11 | 20.6 | 293 | Normalized | 900 (1650) | Oil | ||||
| 615 (89.3) | 376 (54.5) | 24.7 | 45 | 174 | Annealed | 790 (1450) | Oil | ||||
1080 steel properties 3 (hardness), Effect of mass on hardness hardness of normalized 1080 steel bar.
| Grade | Normalizing temperature °C (°F) | Diameter, mm (in.) | Brinell hardness, HB |
| 1080 | 900 (1650) | 13 (0.5) | 293 |
| 25.4 (1) | 293 | ||
| 50.8 (2) | 285 | ||
| 100 (4) | 269 |
Typical hardness of 1080 carbon steel after tempering
| Grade | After tempering for 2 h at °C (°F) | Heat treatment | Rockwell C hardness, HRC |
| 1080 | 205 (400) | Normalized at 885 °C (1625 °F), water quenched from 800-815 °C (1475-1550 °F); average dew point at 7 °C (45 °F) | 57 |
| 260 (500) | 55 | ||
| 315 (600) | 50 | ||
| 370 (700) | 43 | ||
| 425 (800) | 41 | ||
| 480 (900) | 40 | ||
| 540 (1000) | 39 | ||
| 595 (1100) | 38 | ||
| 650 (1200) | 32 |
Physical Properties
1080 steel physical properties -5
| AISI SAE 1080 coefficients of linear thermal expansion | ||
| μm/m·K (10-6/K) | Temperature, °C (°F) | Treatment or condition |
| 11.0 | 20-100 (68-212) | Annealed |
| 11.6 | 20-200 (68-392) | |
| 12.4 | 20-300 (68-572) | |
| 13.2 | 20-400 (68-752) | |
| 13.8 | 20-500 (68-932) | |
| 14.2 | 20-600 (68-1112) | |
| 14.7 | 20-700 (68-1292) | |
| Material 1080 thermal conductivity | |
| Value (W/m·K) | Temperature, °C (°F) |
| 50.5 | 0 (32) |
| 46.8 | 200 (392) |
| Specific Heat of AISI 1080 Carbon Steel | |
| Value (J/Kg·K) | Temperature, °C (°F) |
| 486 | 50-100 (122-212) |
| 519 | 150-200 (302-392) |
| 599 | 350-400 (662-752) |
| Electrical Resistivity of AISI SAE 1080 Carbon Steel | |
| Value (μΩ·m) | Temperature, °C (°F) |
| 0.18 | 20 (68) |
1080 Steel Heat Treatment
AISI 1080 steel heat treatment includes normalizing, annealing, austenitizing, and hardening, etc.
Normalizing
The typical normalizing temperature for 1080 carbon steel is 830 °C (1525 °F).
Full Annealing
The full annealing temperature for 1080 steel is 790-845 °C (1450-1550 °F).
For 1080 small steel forgings: cooling cycle from 790 °C (1450 °F) to 650 °C (1200 °F) at a rate of 28 °C/h (50 °F/h) in the furnace at the full annealing temperature range. (For section thickness ≤ 75 mm, full annealing temperature is 1 hour at least for thickness ≤ 25.4 mm, 0.5 hour is added for each additional 25.4 mm thickness)
Austenitizing
Austenitizing temperature for direct hardening is 790-815 °C (1450-1500 °F).
Hardening
Heat to 815 °C (1500 °F). Quenching medium is water or brine. Oil quenching is used when the section thickness is less than 6.35 mm (0.25 in). The Rockwell C hardness after quenching is about 65 HRC. The hardness can be lowered by appropriate tempering.
Forging
Typical forging temperature is 1205 °C (2200 °F).
Machinability
The machinability rating of 1080 nonresulfurized carbon steel bar is 45% in spheroidized annealed and cold drawn condition, based on cold drawn 1212 steel machinability as 100%.
Applications
Such as hitting tools, ring rolling tools, springs, wear parts, hand tools, and agricultural implements.
1080 High Carbon Steel Equivalent Grade
ASTM AISI SAE 1080 steel equivalent to European EN standards (German DIN EN, British BS EN, French NF EN…), Chinese GB standards, ISO and Japanese JIS standards.
| AISI 1080 equivalent material | |||||||||
| US | Germany | China | Japan | ISO | |||||
| Standard | Grade (UNS) | Standard | Grade (Steel Number) | Standard | Grade | Standard | Grade | Standard | Grade |
| AISI, SAE; ASTM A29/A29M | 1080 (UNS G10800) | GB/T 699 | 80 steel | ||||||
