AISI 316L Stainless Steel Properties: Composition, Tensile Yield Strength

AISI 316L Stainless Steel (UNS S31603)

AISI 316L stainless steel is a modified ultra-low carbon Cr-Ni-Mo series austenitic stainless steel based on AISI 316. It is recommended for parts that cannot be annealed after welding in certain corrosive environments. The addition of molybdenum can provide pitting resistance in phosphoric acid and acetic acid and dilute chloride solutions and corrosion resistance in sulfurous acid. SS316L is resistant to carbide precipitation in the temperature range of 425-870 °C (800-1600 °F), so normal welding can be performed without reducing corrosion resistance. However, when it is heated and kept in the sensitization temperature range for a long time during use, a large amount of carbides will precipitate, so it is usually recommended to use it below 425 °C (800 °F).

Type 316L Stainless Steel Properties

Type 316L stainless steel density is 0.289 lb/in3 (8.0 g/cm3); melting point is 1375-1400 °C (2500-2550 °F); 0.2% yield strength is minimum 25 ksi (170 MPa) in annealed and hot finished condition, minimum 45 ksi (310 MPa) in annealed and cold finished condition; Minimum tensile strength is 70 ksi (485 MPa) in annealed and hot finished condition, ≥ 90 ksi (620 MPa) in annealed and cold finished condition; Maximum Brinell hardness is 217 HB, Maximum Rockwell hardness is 90 HRBW; Thermal conductivity is 12.1 W/m·K at 20 °C (68 °F), 16.3 W/m·K at 100 °C (212 °F).

Chemical Composition

316L Stainless Steel Composition, %
ASTM Standard AISI C, ≤ Si, ≤ Mn, ≤ P, ≤ S, ≤ Cr Ni Mo N, ≤
ASTM A276/A276M 316L 0.03 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 16.0-18.0 10.0-14.0 2.00-3.00
ASTM A240/A240M 316L 0.03 0.75 2.00 0.045 0.030 16.0-18.0 10.0-14.0 2.00-3.00 0.10

Physical Properties

Grade 316L stainless steel physical properties are listed in the table below such as density, melting point, specific heat, electrical resistivity, elastic modulus (modulus of elasticity), thermal conductivity, etc.

Notes:

  • 10-6·K-1 = 10-6/K
  • 1 Ω·mm²/m = 1 μΩ·m
  • 1 g/cm3 = 1 kg/dm3 = 1000 kg/m3
  • 1 GPa = 1 kN/mm2
  • 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2
AISI 316L Physical Properties Metric Imperial
Density 8.0 g/cm3 0.289 lb/in3
Melting point 1375-1400 °C 2500-2550 °F
Specific heat capacity 500 J/kg·K at 20 °C 0.12 Btu/lb·°F at 68 °F
Electrical resistivity 0.74 μΩ·m at 20 °C 29.13 μΩ·in. at 68 °F
Magnetic permeability 1.01 (Approximate)
Elastic modulus (Modulus of Elasticity) 193 GPa 28 x 103 ksi
Thermal conductivity 14.0-15.9 W/m·K 8.09-9.19 Btu/ft·h·°F

Mechanical Properties

The following tables list AISI 316L grade stainless steel mechanical properties such as yield strength, tensile strength, elongation and hardness, etc.

AISI 316L Mechanical Properties
ASTM AISI Type Tensile strength, MPa (ksi), ≥ 0.2% Yield strength, MPa (ksi), ≥ Elongation in 50 mm (2 in.), %, ≥ Reduction of Area, %, ≥ Brinell Hardness (HBW), ≤ Rockwell Hardness (HRBW), ≤ Product forms Conditions
ASTM A240/A240M 316L (UNS S31603) 485 (70) 170 (25) 40 217 95 Plate, Sheet, and Strip
ASTM A276/A276M 485 (70) 170 (25) 40 50 Bars and Shapes Annealed, Hot finished
620 (90) 310 (45) 30 40 Annealed, Cold finished, Dia ≤ 12.7 mm (0.5 in.)
485 (70) 170 (25) 30 40 Annealed, Cold finished, Dia > 12.7 mm (0.5 in.)
ASTM A580/A580M 485 (70) 170 (25) 35 50 Wire Annealed
620 (90) 310 (45) 30 40 Wire Cold finished
ASTM A473/A473M 450 (65) 170 (25) 40 50 Forgings Annealed

AISI 316L Stainless Steel Equivalent

AISI 316L stainless steel equivalent materials are listed in the table below, including European EN (Germany DIN, British BSI, French NF…), ISO, Japanese JIS and Chinese GB standard (For reference).

AISI 316L equivalent grade
US European Union ISO Japan China Australia India Russia Korea
316L (UNS S31603) X2CrNiMo17-12-2 (Material number: 1.4404) X5CrNiMo17-12-2 (ISO number: 4404-316-03-I) SUS316L 00Cr17Ni14Mo2; 022Cr17Ni12Mo2 (New name) 316L X02Cr17Ni12Mo2

Related articles: 316 vs 316L, 316 Stainless Steel, 18-8 Stainless Steel, SUS304, 304 vs 316 Stainless Steel

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